Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2011 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 4 Articles
QAM is a widely used multilevel modulation technique, with a variety of applications in data radio communication systems. Most existing implementations of QAM-based systems use high levels of modulation in order to meet the high data rate constraints of emerging applications. This work presents the architecture of a highly parallel QAM modulator, using MPSoC-based design flow and design methodology, which offers multirate modulation. The proposed MPSoC architecture is modular and provides dynamic reconfiguration of the QAM utilizing on-chip interconnection networks, offering high data rates (more than 1?Gbps), even at low modulation levels (16-QAM). Furthermore, the proposed QAM implementation integrates a hardware-based resource allocation algorithm that can provide better throughput and fault tolerance, depending on the on-chip interconnection network congestion and run-time faults. Preliminary results from this work have been published in the Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/IFIP International Conference on VLSI and System-on-Chip (VLSI-SoC 2010). The current version of the work includes a detailed description of the proposed system architecture, extends the results significantly using more test cases, and investigates the impact of various design parameters. Furthermore, this work investigates the use of the hardware resource allocation algorithm as a graceful degradation mechanism, providing simulation results about the performance of the QAM in the presence of faulty components....
The use of wireless sensor networks in home automation (WSNHA) is attractive due to their characteristics of self-organization, high sensing fidelity, low cost, and potential for rapid deployment. Although the AODVjr routing algorithm in IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee and other routing algorithms have been designed for wireless sensor networks, not all are suitable for WSNHA. In this paper, we propose a location-based self-adaptive routing algorithm for WSNHA called WSNHA-LBAR. It confines route discovery flooding to a cylindrical request zone, which reduces the routing overhead and decreases broadcast storm problems in the MAC layer. It also automatically adjusts the size of the request zone using a self-adaptive algorithm based on Bayes' theorem. This makes WSNHA-LBAR more adaptable to the changes of the network state and easier to implement. Simulation results show improved network reliability as well as reduced routing overhead....
Automation systems strongly depend on the amount, quality, and richness of their sensor information. For decades, scientists have investigated towards more accurate and cheaper sensors as well as new sensors for previously undetectable properties or substances. With these enhancements the problem of too complex sensor information and sensor fusion raised. This paper is intended for giving a retrospection on perception systems in automation, followed by reviewing state-of-the-art approaches for handling diverse and complex sensor information as well as highlighting future requirements for more human-like systems that have the ability of performing their actions in complex and unpredictable environments. For the latter requirement, a section introducing a number of agent architectures for embedding the sensor fusion process into a comprehensive decision-making unit is given....
The ongoing penetration of building automation by information technology is by far not saturated. Today's systems need not only be reliable and fault tolerant, they also have to regard energy efficiency and flexibility in the overall consumption. Meeting the quality and comfort goals in building automation while at the same time optimizing towards energy, carbon footprint and cost-efficiency requires systems that are able to handle large amounts of information and negotiate system behaviour that resolves conflicting demandsââ?¬â?a decision-making process. In the last years, research has started to focus on bionic principles for designing new concepts in this area. The information processing principles of the human mind have turned out to be of particular interest as the mind is capable of processing huge amounts of sensory data and taking adequate decisions for (re-)actions based on these analysed data. In this paper, we discuss how a bionic approach can solve the upcoming problems of energy optimal systems. A recently developed model for environment recognition and decision-making processes, which is based on research findings from different disciplines of brain research is introduced. This model is the foundation for applications in intelligent building automation that have to deal with information from home and office environments. All of these applications have in common that they consist of a combination of communicating nodes and have many, partly contradicting goals....
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